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Catatan

Dalam tutorial ini, Anda akan membangun aplikasi catatan yang mendemonstrasikan operasi file, dialog native, dan pola aplikasi desktop modern menggunakan Wails v3.

Screenshot Aplikasi Catatan

  • Aplikasi catatan lengkap dengan fungsi buat, edit, dan hapus
  • Dialog save/open file native untuk impor dan ekspor catatan
  • Auto-save saat mengetik dengan debounce untuk mengurangi pembaruan yang tidak perlu
  • Tata letak dua kolom profesional (sidebar + editor) meniru Apple Notes
  • Menggunakan dialog file native di Wails (SaveFileDialog, OpenFileDialog, InfoDialog)
  • Bekerja dengan file JSON untuk persistensi data
  • Mengimplementasikan pola auto-save dengan debounce
  • Membangun UI desktop profesional dengan CSS modern
  • Serialisasi JSON struct Go yang proper
  1. Buat proyek Wails baru

    Terminal window
    wails3 init -n notes-app -t vanilla
    cd notes-app
  2. Buat NotesService

    Buat file baru notesservice.go di root proyek:

    package main
    import (
    "encoding/json"
    "errors"
    "os"
    "time"
    "github.com/wailsapp/wails/v3/pkg/application"
    )
    type Note struct {
    ID string `json:"id"`
    Title string `json:"title"`
    Content string `json:"content"`
    CreatedAt time.Time `json:"createdAt"`
    UpdatedAt time.Time `json:"updatedAt"`
    }
    type NotesService struct {
    notes []Note
    }
    func NewNotesService() *NotesService {
    return &NotesService{
    notes: make([]Note, 0),
    }
    }
    // GetAll returns all notes
    func (n *NotesService) GetAll() []Note {
    return n.notes
    }
    // Create creates a new note
    func (n *NotesService) Create(title, content string) Note {
    note := Note{
    ID: generateID(),
    Title: title,
    Content: content,
    CreatedAt: time.Now(),
    UpdatedAt: time.Now(),
    }
    n.notes = append(n.notes, note)
    return note
    }
    // Update updates an existing note
    func (n *NotesService) Update(id, title, content string) error {
    for i := range n.notes {
    if n.notes[i].ID == id {
    n.notes[i].Title = title
    n.notes[i].Content = content
    n.notes[i].UpdatedAt = time.Now()
    return nil
    }
    }
    return errors.New("note not found")
    }
    // Delete deletes a note
    func (n *NotesService) Delete(id string) error {
    for i := range n.notes {
    if n.notes[i].ID == id {
    n.notes = append(n.notes[:i], n.notes[i+1:]...)
    return nil
    }
    }
    return errors.New("note not found")
    }
    // SaveToFile saves notes to a file
    func (n *NotesService) SaveToFile() error {
    path, err := application.Get().Dialog.SaveFile().
    SetFilename("notes.json").
    AddFilter("JSON Files", "*.json").
    PromptForSingleSelection()
    if err != nil {
    return err
    }
    data, err := json.MarshalIndent(n.notes, "", " ")
    if err != nil {
    return err
    }
    if err := os.WriteFile(path, data, 0644); err != nil {
    return err
    }
    application.Get().Dialog.Info().
    SetTitle("Success").
    SetMessage("Notes saved successfully!").
    Show()
    return nil
    }
    // LoadFromFile loads notes from a file
    func (n *NotesService) LoadFromFile() error {
    path, err := application.Get().Dialog.OpenFile().
    AddFilter("JSON Files", "*.json").
    PromptForSingleSelection()
    if err != nil {
    return err
    }
    data, err := os.ReadFile(path)
    if err != nil {
    return err
    }
    var notes []Note
    if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &notes); err != nil {
    return err
    }
    n.notes = notes
    application.Get().Dialog.Info().
    SetTitle("Success").
    SetMessage("Notes loaded successfully!").
    Show()
    return nil
    }
    func generateID() string {
    return time.Now().Format("20060102150405")
    }

    Apa yang terjadi di sini:

    • Struct Note: Mendefinisikan struktur data dengan tag JSON (lowercase) untuk serialisasi yang proper
    • Operasi CRUD: GetAll, Create, Update, dan Delete untuk mengelola catatan di memori
    • Dialog file: Menggunakan application.Get().Dialog.SaveFile() dan application.Get().Dialog.OpenFile() untuk mengakses dialog native
    • Dialog info: Menampilkan pesan sukses menggunakan application.Get().Dialog.Info()
    • Pembuatan ID: Generator ID sederhana berbasis timestamp
  3. Perbarui main.go

    Ganti isi main.go:

    package main
    import (
    "embed"
    _ "embed"
    "log"
    "github.com/wailsapp/wails/v3/pkg/application"
    )
    //go:embed all:frontend/dist
    var assets embed.FS
    func main() {
    app := application.New(application.Options{
    Name: "Notes App",
    Description: "A simple notes application",
    Services: []application.Service{
    application.NewService(NewNotesService()),
    },
    Assets: application.AssetOptions{
    Handler: application.AssetFileServerFS(assets),
    },
    Mac: application.MacOptions{
    ApplicationShouldTerminateAfterLastWindowClosed: true,
    },
    })
    app.Window.NewWithOptions(application.WebviewWindowOptions{
    Title: "Notes App",
    Width: 1000,
    Height: 700,
    BackgroundColour: application.NewRGB(255, 255, 255),
    URL: "/",
    })
    err := app.Run()
    if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
    }
    }

    Apa yang terjadi di sini:

    • Mendaftarkan NotesService ke aplikasi
    • Membuat jendela dengan dimensi (1000x700) meniru Apple Notes
    • Mengatur perilaku macOS yang proper untuk keluar saat jendela terakhir ditutup
  4. Buat struktur HTML

    Ganti frontend/index.html:

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Notes App</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="./style.css">
    </head>
    <body>
    <div class="app">
    <!-- Sidebar -->
    <div class="sidebar">
    <div class="sidebar-header">
    <h1>Notes</h1>
    <button id="new-note-btn" class="btn-primary">+ New Note</button>
    </div>
    <div id="notes-list" class="notes-list"></div>
    <div class="sidebar-footer">
    <button id="save-btn" class="btn-secondary">Save</button>
    <button id="load-btn" class="btn-secondary">Load</button>
    </div>
    </div>
    <!-- Editor -->
    <div class="editor">
    <div id="empty-state" class="empty-state">
    <h2>No note selected</h2>
    <p>Select a note from the list or create a new one</p>
    </div>
    <div id="note-editor" class="note-editor" style="display: none;">
    <input type="text" id="note-title" placeholder="Note title" class="title-input">
    <textarea id="note-content" placeholder="Start typing..." class="content-input"></textarea>
    <div class="editor-footer">
    <button id="delete-btn" class="btn-danger">Delete</button>
    <span id="last-updated" class="last-updated"></span>
    </div>
    </div>
    </div>
    </div>
    <script src="/wails/runtime.js"></script>
    <script type="module" src="./src/main.js"></script>
    </body>
    </html>

    Apa yang terjadi di sini:

    • Tata letak dua kolom: Sidebar untuk daftar catatan, area utama untuk editor
    • Empty state: Ditampilkan saat tidak ada catatan yang dipilih
    • Wails runtime: Harus dimuat sebelum module script
  5. Tambahkan styling CSS

    Ganti frontend/public/style.css:

    * {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    }
    body {
    font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
    height: 100vh;
    overflow: hidden;
    }
    .app {
    display: flex;
    height: 100vh;
    }
    /* Sidebar */
    .sidebar {
    width: 300px;
    background: #f5f5f5;
    border-right: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    }
    .sidebar-header {
    padding: 20px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    }
    .sidebar-header h1 {
    font-size: 24px;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    }
    .notes-list {
    flex: 1;
    overflow-y: auto;
    }
    .note-item {
    padding: 16px 20px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background 0.2s;
    }
    .note-item:hover {
    background: #e8e8e8;
    }
    .note-item.active {
    background: #007aff;
    color: white;
    }
    .note-item h3 {
    font-size: 16px;
    margin-bottom: 4px;
    }
    .note-item p {
    font-size: 14px;
    opacity: 0.7;
    white-space: nowrap;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
    }
    .sidebar-footer {
    padding: 16px 20px;
    border-top: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    display: flex;
    gap: 8px;
    }
    /* Editor */
    .editor {
    flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    }
    .empty-state {
    flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: #999;
    }
    .note-editor {
    flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    padding: 20px;
    }
    .title-input {
    font-size: 32px;
    font-weight: bold;
    border: none;
    outline: none;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    padding: 8px 0;
    }
    .content-input {
    flex: 1;
    font-size: 16px;
    border: none;
    outline: none;
    resize: none;
    font-family: inherit;
    line-height: 1.6;
    }
    .editor-footer {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding-top: 16px;
    border-top: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    }
    .last-updated {
    font-size: 14px;
    color: #999;
    }
    /* Buttons */
    .btn-primary {
    background: #007aff;
    color: white;
    border: none;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 500;
    width: 100%;
    }
    .btn-primary:hover {
    background: #0056b3;
    }
    .btn-secondary {
    background: white;
    color: #333;
    border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    padding: 8px 16px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 14px;
    flex: 1;
    }
    .btn-secondary:hover {
    background: #f5f5f5;
    }
    .btn-danger {
    background: #ff3b30;
    color: white;
    border: none;
    padding: 8px 16px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 14px;
    }
    .btn-danger:hover {
    background: #cc0000;
    }

    Apa yang terjadi di sini:

    • Desain bergaya Apple dengan tipografi dan warna bersih
    • Tata letak Flexbox untuk sidebar dan editor responsif
    • Highlight catatan aktif dengan latar belakang biru
    • Transisi hover halus
  6. Implementasikan logika JavaScript

    Ganti frontend/src/main.js:

    import { NotesService } from '../bindings/changeme'
    let notes = []
    let currentNote = null
    // Load notes on startup
    async function loadNotes() {
    notes = await NotesService.GetAll()
    renderNotesList()
    }
    // Render notes list
    function renderNotesList() {
    const notesList = document.getElementById('notes-list')
    if (notes.length === 0) {
    notesList.innerHTML = '<div style="padding: 20px; text-align: center; color: #999;">No notes yet</div>'
    return
    }
    notesList.innerHTML = notes.map(note => `
    <div class="note-item ${currentNote?.id === note.id ? 'active' : ''}" data-id="${note.id}">
    <h3>${note.title || 'Untitled'}</h3>
    <p>${note.content || 'No content'}</p>
    </div>
    `).join('')
    // Add click handlers
    document.querySelectorAll('.note-item').forEach(item => {
    item.addEventListener('click', () => {
    const id = item.dataset.id
    selectNote(id)
    })
    })
    }
    // Select a note
    function selectNote(id) {
    currentNote = notes.find(n => n.id === id)
    if (currentNote) {
    document.getElementById('empty-state').style.display = 'none'
    document.getElementById('note-editor').style.display = 'flex'
    document.getElementById('note-title').value = currentNote.title
    document.getElementById('note-content').value = currentNote.content
    document.getElementById('last-updated').textContent =
    `Last updated: ${new Date(currentNote.updatedAt).toLocaleString()}`
    renderNotesList()
    }
    }
    // Create new note
    document.getElementById('new-note-btn').addEventListener('click', async () => {
    const note = await NotesService.Create('Untitled', '')
    notes.push(note)
    selectNote(note.id)
    // Focus the title input and select all text so user can immediately type
    const titleInput = document.getElementById('note-title')
    titleInput.focus()
    titleInput.select()
    })
    // Update note on input
    let updateTimeout
    function scheduleUpdate() {
    clearTimeout(updateTimeout)
    updateTimeout = setTimeout(async () => {
    if (currentNote) {
    const title = document.getElementById('note-title').value
    const content = document.getElementById('note-content').value
    await NotesService.Update(currentNote.id, title, content)
    // Update local copy
    const note = notes.find(n => n.id === currentNote.id)
    if (note) {
    note.title = title
    note.content = content
    note.updatedAt = new Date().toISOString()
    }
    renderNotesList()
    document.getElementById('last-updated').textContent =
    `Last updated: ${new Date().toLocaleString()}`
    }
    }, 500)
    }
    document.getElementById('note-title').addEventListener('input', scheduleUpdate)
    document.getElementById('note-content').addEventListener('input', scheduleUpdate)
    // Delete note
    document.getElementById('delete-btn').addEventListener('click', async () => {
    if (!currentNote) return
    try {
    await NotesService.Delete(currentNote.id)
    notes = notes.filter(n => n.id !== currentNote.id)
    currentNote = null
    document.getElementById('empty-state').style.display = 'flex'
    document.getElementById('note-editor').style.display = 'none'
    renderNotesList()
    } catch (error) {
    console.error('Delete failed:', error)
    }
    })
    // Save to file
    document.getElementById('save-btn').addEventListener('click', async () => {
    try {
    await NotesService.SaveToFile()
    } catch (error) {
    if (error) console.error('Save failed:', error)
    }
    })
    // Load from file
    document.getElementById('load-btn').addEventListener('click', async () => {
    try {
    await NotesService.LoadFromFile()
    notes = await NotesService.GetAll()
    currentNote = null
    document.getElementById('empty-state').style.display = 'flex'
    document.getElementById('note-editor').style.display = 'none'
    renderNotesList()
    } catch (error) {
    if (error) console.error('Load failed:', error)
    }
    })
    // Initialize
    loadNotes()

    Apa yang terjadi di sini:

    • Auto-save: Debounce 500ms mencegah pemanggilan backend berlebihan saat mengetik
    • Akses properti: Menggunakan nama properti lowercase (.id, .title) sesuai tag JSON Go
    • Manajemen fokus: Auto-fokus dan select judul saat membuat catatan baru
    • Hapus tanpa konfirmasi: confirm() browser tidak bekerja di webview Wails
    • Operasi file: Dialog native menangani save/load dengan penanganan error yang proper
  7. Jalankan aplikasi

    Terminal window
    wails3 dev

    Aplikasi akan dimulai dan Anda dapat:

    • Klik ”+ New Note” untuk membuat catatan
    • Edit judul dan konten (auto-save setelah 500ms)
    • Klik catatan di sidebar untuk beralih antar catatan
    • Klik “Delete” untuk menghapus catatan saat ini
    • Klik “Save” untuk mengekspor catatan sebagai JSON
    • Klik “Load” untuk mengimpor catatan yang sebelumnya disimpan

Di Wails v3 tidak ada konstruktor dialog tingkat paket — setiap dialog dibuat melalui manager app.Dialog. Dari service, dapatkan app via application.Get() (mengembalikan *application.App yang sedang berjalan):

// Correct — manager-based dialogs.
app := application.Get()
path, err := app.Dialog.SaveFile().
SetFilename("notes.json").
AddFilter("JSON Files", "*.json").
PromptForSingleSelection()

Metode yang sesuai adalah app.Dialog.Info() / Question() / Warning() / Error() untuk dialog pesan dan app.Dialog.OpenFile() / SaveFile() (plus varian *WithOptions) untuk dialog file.

Tag JSON struct Go harus lowercase agar sesuai dengan akses properti JavaScript:

type Note struct {
ID string `json:"id"` // Must be lowercase
}
// JavaScript accesses with lowercase
const noteId = note.id // Correct
const noteId = note.ID // Would be undefined

Debounce 500ms mengurangi pemanggilan backend yang tidak perlu:

let updateTimeout
function scheduleUpdate() {
clearTimeout(updateTimeout) // Cancel previous timer
updateTimeout = setTimeout(async () => {
// Only saves if user stops typing for 500ms
await NotesService.Update(currentNote.id, title, content)
}, 500)
}
  • Tambahkan kategori atau tag untuk mengorganisasi catatan
  • Implementasikan pencarian dan filtering
  • Tambahkan rich text editing dengan editor WYSIWYG
  • Sinkronkan catatan ke cloud storage
  • Tambahkan keyboard shortcut untuk operasi umum